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4hv.org :: Forums :: General Science and Electronics
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Understanding a Joule Thief

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H8erade
Sat Dec 10 2011, 12:54AM Print
H8erade Registered Member #3451 Joined: Sun Nov 28 2010, 11:13PM
Location: United States
Posts: 100
Hi, everyone.
I found this schematic of an efficient joule thief online:

Elec JT1

I grabbed all the parts and prototyped the circuit on my solderless breadboard; LEDs do light up, and my multimeter measures 3 volts. However, when I pulled the transistor out, the reading didn't change. I glanced at the circuit again and realized that the LEDs were simply connected to the battery terminals, albeit with the 10T coil's resistance. The transistor is essentially useless because it's not even being turned on! My other 2N4401s show no difference.

I get the feeling that I'm doing something painfully wrong. Have I misinterpreted the schematic?
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Marko
Sat Dec 10 2011, 02:09AM
Marko Registered Member #89 Joined: Thu Feb 09 2006, 02:40PM
Location: Zadar, Croatia
Posts: 3145
Hi,

Well the circuit is a boost converter, hence it can't reduce the voltage if you run it from 3V, and might likely blow either the led's or the transistor if you do. LED's would be ran from voltage source which is very bad for them, and the transistor is biased pretty hard to supply voltage so if oscillation stops it will act as a short.

Try running it from 1.5V and see the difference :)

Marko
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Experimentonomen
Sat Dec 10 2011, 02:09PM
Experimentonomen Registered Member #941 Joined: Sun Aug 05 2007, 10:09AM
Location: in a swedish junk pile
Posts: 497
The whole idea behind the joule thief is to suck that last bit of energy out of half dead cells which electronic devices think are completely empty, hence the name "joule thief"

These devices are said to kep a LED lit down to 0.8 or even 0.5V.
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Pinky's Brain
Sat Dec 10 2011, 03:21PM
Pinky's Brain Registered Member #2901 Joined: Thu Jun 03 2010, 01:25PM
Location:
Posts: 837
What is the 100 ohm resistor to the second capacitor for BTW?
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H8erade
Sun Dec 11 2011, 05:09PM
H8erade Registered Member #3451 Joined: Sun Nov 28 2010, 11:13PM
Location: United States
Posts: 100
Dr. Pork: After I replaced the transistor and ran it from 1.5V, it seemed to work! It's been going strong.

Experimentonomen: Thanks, but I already knew the general idea.

Pinky's Brain: I'm not exactly sure.
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Steve Conner
Sun Dec 11 2011, 07:33PM
Steve Conner Registered Member #30 Joined: Fri Feb 03 2006, 10:52AM
Location: Glasgow, Scotland
Posts: 6706
Pinky: It's to limit the average base current to the transistor. (the 47 ohm one limits the peak current)
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Experimentonomen
Mon Dec 12 2011, 06:11AM
Experimentonomen Registered Member #941 Joined: Sun Aug 05 2007, 10:09AM
Location: in a swedish junk pile
Posts: 497
And to bias the transistor to encourage the circuit to start oscillating. Its essentially a basic blocking oscillator.
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Inducktion
Mon Dec 12 2011, 03:43PM
Inducktion Registered Member #3637 Joined: Fri Jan 21 2011, 11:07PM
Location: Buffalo, NY
Posts: 1068
Yes, it's basically a mini-2n3055 flyback driver, just with some different components.
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