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Registered Member #162
Joined: Mon Feb 13 2006, 10:25AM
Location: United Kingdom
Posts: 3141
Do you know if the nucleii of atoms can spin as a whole - as the earth does on it's axis?
I just bough a book 'Quantum theory for beginners' (charity shop) I'm only up to page 24 but a thought came to me, Boltzman's theory of equipartition of energy would mean that if nucleii can spin then they must. I can't remember any particular references to spinning atomic nuclei If positively charged masses are spinning where's the magnetism?
Registered Member #902
Joined: Sun Jul 15 2007, 08:17PM
Location: Pacific Northwest USA
Posts: 1042
I'm pretty sure that there is not large magnetic field due to the fact that the net charged particles would have to travel through space, and in rotation they are not traveling through space but simply remaining in place that is what I have always thought, but if I am wrong then maybe someone here can clarify...
Registered Member #72
Joined: Thu Feb 09 2006, 08:29AM
Location: UK St. Albans
Posts: 1659
I think that possiblity falls down the same logical black hole as electron orbits.
The Rutherford atom of electrons whizzing round a positively charged nucleus is appealing, but incorrect, as if they were in classical orbits they would emit Cherenkov/Brehmstraalung/whatever radiation, which they don't, so they aren't (without saying what they *are*). In much the same way, a nucleus of charged particles rotating as a rigid body would also fall foul of a similar gotcha. Protons do have spin, and consequently a magnetic moment. NMR (sorry, MRI) imaging uses nuclei with odd numbers of protons which have a net spin, Hydrogen and Phosphorous being the most popular in vivo, there are plenty of others used for chemical analysis. The spin of a nucleus is the quantum mechanical sum of the spins of the protons, with their cancelling pairing etc.
Consider two other QM rotating effects. If you rotate a bucket of superfluid He3 (so I'm told), the bulk liquid does not rotate until it is penetrated by vortices, each one carrying one quantum of rotation. The London moment may be less relevant, or more so? If you rotate a superconductor, it gneerates a magnetic dipole along the axis of rotation. I suppose that this is due to the nucluei and strongly bond electrons rotating as the rigid body, while the superconducting electrons which cannot "see" the lattice remain loftily aloof of all this motion nonsense and stay at rest. The result is a net rotation of the positively charged lattice.
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A physics question
