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4hv.org :: Forums :: High Voltage
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Can anyone spot the problem(s) in this flyback circuit?

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mzincali
Tue Sept 11 2012, 06:04AM Print
mzincali Registered Member #4127 Joined: Fri Oct 07 2011, 05:40PM
Location:
Posts: 22
A bunch of us did a class together, building plasma balls and plasma sculptures (Instrucotr's Pieces)

We used the following circuit. I am getting reports from other classmates that they're having lots of failures. I have three of these, and haven't had any failures yet, but unlike many, I don't leave these on for long durations. Before I test mine for some hours and burn it out, I wanted to get some idea what needs to be fixed or beefed up. I'd appreciate any help and comments.
]schematic_v2ra.pdf[/file]
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Dr. Dark Current
Tue Sept 11 2012, 10:22AM
Dr. Dark Current Registered Member #152 Joined: Sun Feb 12 2006, 03:36PM
Location: Czech Rep.
Posts: 3384
The IGBT has no overvoltage protection, I would put a cap across it (a few tens of nF). The TL494 is configured for single ended operation, which allows up to some 95% duty cycle, I would rather configure it for push pull and use one output. I would use a buffer stage or at least a PNP transistor for fast turn-off of the IGBT, the TL494 cannot sink current in this configuration and the IGBT turns off slowly.
Of course the transistor may also fail of overheating, which could possibly be fixed by using a bigger heatsink or a fan.
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Steve Conner
Tue Sept 11 2012, 10:34AM
Steve Conner Registered Member #30 Joined: Fri Feb 03 2006, 10:52AM
Location: Glasgow, Scotland
Posts: 6706
And of course even if the circuit is adequate, a poor quality transformer could burn out of its own accord.
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Antonio
Tue Sept 11 2012, 11:47PM
Antonio Registered Member #834 Joined: Tue Jun 12 2007, 10:57PM
Location: Brazil
Posts: 644
We should go around the Internet and request the removal of all the flyback circuits without some form of overvoltage protection on the switching transistor...
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mzincali
Wed Sept 12 2012, 05:31AM
mzincali Registered Member #4127 Joined: Fri Oct 07 2011, 05:40PM
Location:
Posts: 22
We do have a pretty hefty fan and heat sink on these. See picture.

I guess the first step would be to add a cap between the collector and emitter. What's the best way to tell if our problems may stem from the lack of a buffer stage? I think people are blowing their MOSFET or IGBTs, and not the TL494.

Lastly, there is lots of RF noise, some going back to the power supply, or going back up through the TL494's signal in (for those who are trying to modulate music). My oscilloscope is rather useless too due to the overwhelming RF noise. Is this just a fact of life, or are there good ways to isolate the noisy parts of the circuit? (Standing close to the unit, and trying to use a smartphone touchscreen is almost impossible).
222247
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Microwatt
Wed Sept 12 2012, 09:37PM
Microwatt Registered Member #3282 Joined: Wed Oct 06 2010, 05:01PM
Location:
Posts: 224
even better would be a fast diode across the igbt
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