Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 03:47PMHere is my first and last one x-ray generator
It contains 100KV 10mA oil cooled x ray tube, 2KW IR2153 SMPS, 2-phase 15KV 0,05A HF transformers, high power full wave 8x voltage multiplier for low ripple voltages, and 1500pcs of 3mA 50ns 0,5Apeak diodes, and filament supply
Few photos:
X ray tube
capacitors for full-wave multiplier:
Diodes 14KV 50ns 3mA 0,5Apeak:
40A SMPS IR2153:
Diodes:
HV power transformers:
Just before layer of paraffin:
Full-setup (no HV transformers jet):
Final product:
Test photos:
Canon lens:
FAN's:
LED flashlight:
Siemens C25:
Sony Ericsson w960i:
Old style w960i:
C25:
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:10PM
Nice results, and very solidly built project.
What is the focal spot size of the tube?
The last two x-rays, are they on film or photographic paper?
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:10PM
Nice results, and very solidly built project.
What is the focal spot size of the tube?
The last two x-rays, are they on film or photographic paper?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 04:21PM
I don't know, still need to find it. as you can see i get sharp-less photos, just with x-ray film i get quite nice results
Konica Minolta x ray film MG-SR
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 04:21PM
I don't know, still need to find it. as you can see i get sharp-less photos, just with x-ray film i get quite nice results
Konica Minolta x ray film MG-SR
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:31PM
Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this example should be possible with your x-ray generator.
I would guess the focal spot size is around a millimeter, judging from the anode angle and rated current. What voltage and current are you running at?
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:31PM
Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this
example should be possible with your x-ray generator.I would guess the focal spot size is around a millimeter, judging from the anode angle and rated current. What voltage and current are you running at?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 04:35PM
First i am using low filament current to get as high x-ray energy as possible, and drawing around 60-80W at full power.( for safety reasons)
nice picture, just question how to make that ?
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 04:35PM
Anders M. wrote ...
Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this example should be possible with your x-ray generator.
I would guess the focal spot size is around a millimeter, judging from the anode angle and rated current. What voltage and current are you running at?
I don't know,Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this
example should be possible with your x-ray generator.I would guess the focal spot size is around a millimeter, judging from the anode angle and rated current. What voltage and current are you running at?
First i am using low filament current to get as high x-ray energy as possible, and drawing around 60-80W at full power.( for safety reasons)
nice picture, just question how to make that ?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:42PM
Did you use the film in an intensifying cassette? Those tend to really limit the resolution, with the "Ultra fast" or "Ultra rapid" ones being the worst, and the "Fine" or "Detail" ones, being the best. Mammography cassettes are even higher resolution, but they should only be used with mammography film (emulsion on one side only, like normal photographic film), since they only have a single fluorescent screen (this is one of the reasons that they have higher resolution). Direct film exposure, without an intensifying screen, gives by far the highest resolution. The picture I linked to in the last post is a direct exposure. This also requires much longer exposure time. You can also get limited resolution if the x-ray tube is close to the object you're x-raying, especially if the focal spot is large. Increase the distance, but not too much (inverse square law), somewhere between 50cm and 100cm from tube to object is a nice compromise.
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 04:42PM
Did you use the film in an intensifying cassette? Those tend to really limit the resolution, with the "Ultra fast" or "Ultra rapid" ones being the worst, and the "Fine" or "Detail" ones, being the best. Mammography cassettes are even higher resolution, but they should only be used with mammography film (emulsion on one side only, like normal photographic film), since they only have a single fluorescent screen (this is one of the reasons that they have higher resolution). Direct film exposure, without an intensifying screen, gives by far the highest resolution. The picture I linked to in the last post is a direct exposure. This also requires much longer exposure time. You can also get limited resolution if the x-ray tube is close to the object you're x-raying, especially if the focal spot is large. Increase the distance, but not too much (inverse square law), somewhere between 50cm and 100cm from tube to object is a nice compromise.
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 05:22PM
it looks like i am getting 0,6-1mA 80-100Kv for tube...
just made some measurements. but i don't know how accurate they are since multimeter is electronic...
And yes, i was using intensifying screen to make photos with film, maybe i need to try without them later
Linas, Sat May 21 2011, 05:22PM
it looks like i am getting 0,6-1mA 80-100Kv for tube...
just made some measurements. but i don't know how accurate they are since multimeter is electronic...
And yes, i was using intensifying screen to make photos with film, maybe i need to try without them later
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 05:41PM
With a direct film exposure, remember that you need a much longer exposure time, probably 10-20 times as long as with the intensifying cassette, maybe even longer. A minute or two in your case I guess, depending on the distance between the tube and the film.
Wolfram, Sat May 21 2011, 05:41PM
With a direct film exposure, remember that you need a much longer exposure time, probably 10-20 times as long as with the intensifying cassette, maybe even longer. A minute or two in your case I guess, depending on the distance between the tube and the film.
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Thu Jun 16 2011, 06:46PM
my notebook. at 2s exp time
Linas, Thu Jun 16 2011, 06:46PM
my notebook. at 2s exp time
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Thomas W, Thu Jun 16 2011, 09:31PM
thats realy cool better then anything i could make :D
Thomas W, Thu Jun 16 2011, 09:31PM
thats realy cool better then anything i could make :D
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
radhoo, Fri Jun 17 2011, 12:46PM
great setup! I like the very compact size,
what's the cost of the diodes you've used?
radhoo, Fri Jun 17 2011, 12:46PM
great setup! I like the very compact size,
what's the cost of the diodes you've used?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Fri Jun 17 2011, 02:54PM
Linas, Fri Jun 17 2011, 02:54PM
radhoo wrote ...
what's the cost of the diodes you've used?
low, few cents per diode what's the cost of the diodes you've used?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
radhoo, Thu Jul 07 2011, 06:13AM
I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
radhoo, Thu Jul 07 2011, 06:13AM
I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Thu Jul 07 2011, 12:06PM
( i am using 8nF Cgs 40A mosfet's, and 5R resistor with diode, now i will use IRFP460A it has 3x lower Cgs and higher speed too, also i will add some zener's at gate ( around 18V)
And that was just 34s at around 300W and 1m distance from tube, so picture still need some exposition (like 2x longer)
i was able to see all fibers in microchips etc...
Hey, i was able to see in atomic level ( crystallography )
soon i will upload picture :)
and here it is :)
And it is perfect crystal diffraction pattern, just guess where i get it ?
yes from semiconductor. i was able to remove nice peace from power mosfet, after cleaning top and bottom i get nice looking peace of ideal
silicon crystal
and here is my Wlan Router D-link
again, quality in real world is better, but scanner can't take all this quality into jpg
and it is without intensifying screen, direct 2min exposure at ~120W
Linas, Thu Jul 07 2011, 12:06PM
Anders M. wrote ...
Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this example should be possible with your x-ray generator.
i tried to to the same, and i was amazed by quality of picture ( but, my IR2153 keep dieing after 30s of hard work, i don't know why,Ok, if you're interested, I can give you a tip to get higher resolution x-rays. Resolution like this
example should be possible with your x-ray generator.( i am using 8nF Cgs 40A mosfet's, and 5R resistor with diode, now i will use IRFP460A it has 3x lower Cgs and higher speed too, also i will add some zener's at gate ( around 18V)
And that was just 34s at around 300W and 1m distance from tube, so picture still need some exposition (like 2x longer)
i was able to see all fibers in microchips etc...
Hey, i was able to see in atomic level ( crystallography )
soon i will upload picture :)
and here it is :)
And it is perfect crystal diffraction pattern, just guess where i get it ?
yes from semiconductor. i was able to remove nice peace from power mosfet, after cleaning top and bottom i get nice looking peace of ideal
silicon crystal
and here is my Wlan Router D-link
again, quality in real world is better, but scanner can't take all this quality into jpg
and it is without intensifying screen, direct 2min exposure at ~120W
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
radhoo, Fri Jul 08 2011, 08:26PM
radhoo, Fri Jul 08 2011, 08:26PM
radhoo wrote ...
I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
any idea?I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Fri Jul 08 2011, 08:44PM
(closed fabric, so they sell all parts for low price, and they have lot of thees diodes,)
Linas, Fri Jul 08 2011, 08:44PM
radhoo wrote ...
i know man who selling it, buts is not online, you can get i from meradhoo wrote ...
I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
any idea?I would need to buy some, is there a good source you can recommand?
(closed fabric, so they sell all parts for low price, and they have lot of thees diodes,)
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Xray, Sun Jul 10 2011, 05:04AM
Nice job, and great looking radiographs! I was wondering how you mounted the X-ray tube. Is it imersed in oil? Also, did you filter the beam with aluminum?
Xray, Sun Jul 10 2011, 05:04AM
Linas wrote ...
my notebook. at 2s exp time
my notebook. at 2s exp time
Nice job, and great looking radiographs! I was wondering how you mounted the X-ray tube. Is it imersed in oil? Also, did you filter the beam with aluminum?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sun Jul 10 2011, 08:34AM
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
Linas, Sun Jul 10 2011, 08:34AM
Xray wrote ...
Nice job, and great looking radiographs! I was wondering how you mounted the X-ray tube. Is it immersed in oil? Also, did you filter the beam with aluminum?
yes, tube is in oil, not much, bat i can feel than tube start to warm up.Nice job, and great looking radiographs! I was wondering how you mounted the X-ray tube. Is it immersed in oil? Also, did you filter the beam with aluminum?
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Xray, Tue Jul 12 2011, 03:11PM
All X-ray heads that are used for X-raying living tissue (humans and animals) are required to have a specified thickness of aluminum (and/or copper, depending on KV) directly in the beam path, usually at the beam exit port. The filter attenuates the low-energy (non-penetrating) photons which do not aid in producing the image, but can burn the skin, resulting in cancer and other proplems. Since you are not X-raying living tissue (I assume that you are not licensed to do so) then your X-ray head does not need a filter.
Xray, Tue Jul 12 2011, 03:11PM
Linas wrote ...
yes, tube is in oil, not much, bat i can feel than tube start to warm up.
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
yes, tube is in oil, not much, bat i can feel than tube start to warm up.
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
All X-ray heads that are used for X-raying living tissue (humans and animals) are required to have a specified thickness of aluminum (and/or copper, depending on KV) directly in the beam path, usually at the beam exit port. The filter attenuates the low-energy (non-penetrating) photons which do not aid in producing the image, but can burn the skin, resulting in cancer and other proplems. Since you are not X-raying living tissue (I assume that you are not licensed to do so) then your X-ray head does not need a filter.
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Proud Mary, Tue Jul 12 2011, 05:59PM
Spot on there, but let's not forget another important reason for filtering out low energy photons in everyday industrial image forming systems* - namely sharpness, contrast and fine detail resolution because:
Photoelectric scattering increases as impacting photon energy falls. The lower the incident X-ray energy, the more the beam will be scattered as it passes through the air, through the specimen, and so on.
Re-radiation of low energy X-rays can occur from any of the elements in the primary X-ray path - the metal tube housing for example. These photons can impact on the imaging device from any number of angles, degrading the integrity of the anode focal spot as a single point source..
Anti-scatter grids are sometimes used to improve image sharpness and contrast. These grids are effectively thousands of collimators in parallel, and absorb those photons that are not in line to make a (near) right-angle strike on the imaging device. (Imagine a honeycomb structure made from heavy metal alloys or laminates - people are always patenting improved designs aimed at reducing primary X-ray attenuation by the grid, which can reach 50% on a bad hair day.)
*There are, of course, both Low Energy and Very Low Energy X-ray imaging systems, but these are seldom seen outside the laboratory.
Proud Mary, Tue Jul 12 2011, 05:59PM
Xray wrote ...
All X-ray heads that are used for X-raying living tissue (humans and animals) are required to have a specified thickness of aluminum (and/or copper, depending on KV) directly in the beam path, usually at the beam exit port. The filter attenuates the low-energy (non-penetrating) photons which do not aid in producing the image, but can burn the skin, resulting in cancer and other proplems. Since you are not X-raying living tissue (I assume that you are not licensed to do so) then your X-ray head does not need a filter.
Linas wrote ...
yes, tube is in oil, not much, bat i can feel than tube start to warm up.
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
yes, tube is in oil, not much, bat i can feel than tube start to warm up.
Is aluminum filtering is any good ? ( how much impact it will have to picture quality ? )
All X-ray heads that are used for X-raying living tissue (humans and animals) are required to have a specified thickness of aluminum (and/or copper, depending on KV) directly in the beam path, usually at the beam exit port. The filter attenuates the low-energy (non-penetrating) photons which do not aid in producing the image, but can burn the skin, resulting in cancer and other proplems. Since you are not X-raying living tissue (I assume that you are not licensed to do so) then your X-ray head does not need a filter.
Spot on there, but let's not forget another important reason for filtering out low energy photons in everyday industrial image forming systems* - namely sharpness, contrast and fine detail resolution because:
Photoelectric scattering increases as impacting photon energy falls. The lower the incident X-ray energy, the more the beam will be scattered as it passes through the air, through the specimen, and so on.
Re-radiation of low energy X-rays can occur from any of the elements in the primary X-ray path - the metal tube housing for example. These photons can impact on the imaging device from any number of angles, degrading the integrity of the anode focal spot as a single point source..
Anti-scatter grids are sometimes used to improve image sharpness and contrast. These grids are effectively thousands of collimators in parallel, and absorb those photons that are not in line to make a (near) right-angle strike on the imaging device. (Imagine a honeycomb structure made from heavy metal alloys or laminates - people are always patenting improved designs aimed at reducing primary X-ray attenuation by the grid, which can reach 50% on a bad hair day.)
*There are, of course, both Low Energy and Very Low Energy X-ray imaging systems, but these are seldom seen outside the laboratory.
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Patrick, Wed Jul 13 2011, 02:36AM
I really need to look at all this Xray stuff, i really need this kind of capability for potted HV stuff and so on. I just need to be sure im not killing myself or the neighbors. Some of those pics are just so cool too!!!
Patrick, Wed Jul 13 2011, 02:36AM
I really need to look at all this Xray stuff, i really need this kind of capability for potted HV stuff and so on. I just need to be sure im not killing myself or the neighbors. Some of those pics are just so cool too!!!
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Tue Aug 02 2011, 01:04PM
get some new stuff for this project:
lot of Pb shealding, also get wolfram and cadmium sheets for x ray stopping sandwich :)
and new 60KV 40mA oil cooled tube :)
new 140kv 4KW CW (for 10min ) tube with water cooling, but i will use at 2KW and oil cooling
Linas, Tue Aug 02 2011, 01:04PM
get some new stuff for this project:
lot of Pb shealding, also get wolfram and cadmium sheets for x ray stopping sandwich :)
and new 60KV 40mA oil cooled tube :)
new 140kv 4KW CW (for 10min ) tube with water cooling, but i will use at 2KW and oil cooling
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
DxrGregory, Tue Apr 28 2015, 11:03PM
Which metode did you use with diffraction image? Stright explosure of crystal in x-ray beam? And what keeps the crystal in radiation flux?
DxrGregory, Tue Apr 28 2015, 11:03PM
Which metode did you use with diffraction image? Stright explosure of crystal in x-ray beam? And what keeps the crystal in radiation flux?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
Linas, Sat May 02 2015, 05:28PM
Linas, Sat May 02 2015, 05:28PM
DxrGregory wrote ...
Which metode did you use with diffraction image? Stright explosure of crystal in x-ray beam? And what keeps the crystal in radiation flux?
Yes, also i added small 2D slit, from loads of lead, so i have something like beam with low diffraction ( so in image you can clearly see big dark dot inside center ), and this is where all straight radiation went , only diffracted beam made small circular oval shaped dotsWhich metode did you use with diffraction image? Stright explosure of crystal in x-ray beam? And what keeps the crystal in radiation flux?
Re: Full-wave X-Ray generator
DxrGregory, Mon May 04 2015, 12:19AM
That's interesting... I haven't seen somethink like this long time :) Could you estimate or measure size of dots? How long was distace between crystal and paper? And the crystal was held by somethink or you strightly put it into a slit?
Oval shape of diffraction signals is becouse your radiation isn't monochromatic :)
Nice job bro
DxrGregory, Mon May 04 2015, 12:19AM
That's interesting... I haven't seen somethink like this long time :) Could you estimate or measure size of dots? How long was distace between crystal and paper? And the crystal was held by somethink or you strightly put it into a slit?
Oval shape of diffraction signals is becouse your radiation isn't monochromatic :)
Nice job bro
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