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4hv.org :: Forums :: Chemistry
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Hydrometer for Alcohol

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klugesmith
Tue Feb 08 2011, 11:33PM
klugesmith Registered Member #2099 Joined: Wed Apr 29 2009, 12:22AM
Location: Los Altos, California
Posts: 1714
GluD wrote ...
If the solution is still liquid in a cooling bath with a temperature of -78*C, the solution should be pure enough to statisfy the demand for less then 10% water (it would freeze if there was 10% or more water). Or have I missed something?
...
It was just a suggestion if he had access to dry ice and acetone then I suppose it would be a quick and cheap way to check if it is more or less than 10% water.
Agreed, and I think that's a clever method. And (depending on the quantity of dry alcohol required) it -might- even be a way of getting some of the water out. I don't know the formulas, but just like liquid/vapor in a still (where the vapor phase has a higher percentage of the lower-boiling-point compound, but is not pure), I think a partly frozen mixture has higher water percentage in the solid phase than in the liquid.
[edit] see Link2 re. freeze distillation, and alcoholic beverages.

Just learned something new, which might enable the assay to be done at ordinary temperature with a viscosity test cup. Alcohol is actually a bit thicker than water at room temperature, but mixtures of the two molecules are MUCH more viscous!

1297207881 2099 FT107961 Alcohol
according to Link2

For practicality, I think it'll be hard to beat your spirit hydrometers, or other hydrometer that resolves sp.gr. between 0.80 and 0.85.
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Bored Chemist
Wed Feb 09 2011, 08:26PM
Bored Chemist Registered Member #193 Joined: Fri Feb 17 2006, 07:04AM
Location: sheffield
Posts: 1022
A comparison with a "known good" sample makes life much easier.
Incidentally, don't throw out the broken hydrometer.
You might be able to fudge a "purpose built" hydrometer that will give an even better indication.

Hydrometers are a compromise between sensitivity, ie the ease with which you can distinguish (say) 4% from 5% and range (so you don't need a whole stack of hydrometers)
To get sensitivity they use a thin "neck" whereas the ones with a large range have a relatively wide neck.

You don't need much range for "Go vs No go" so you could use a very thin neck, even just a piece of wire - you would need to experiment about the weight of the thing to find the "sweet spot".
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